Wednesday, July 31, 2019

What types of problems and effects are been forced upon the planet?

What types of problems and effects are been forced upon the planet with modern technology and the increasing population and what can be done to make the planet healthier? The growing population, deforestation and use of fossil fuels are causing the biggest environmental problem that has been discovered over the past 50 years, Global Warming. In the past 10 years dramatic actions have been taken to curb the dangerous affects that could lead to drought, floods, sweltering heat and rising seas. I believe that to curb the effects more people should be aware of what the future would be like for future generations. How their lives would be affected by global warming. Simple things like walking to work and school or using a bike to commute would make a huge difference, if more people knew that bicycling is 117% more efficient than walking, and then I believe more people would do it. However the majority will have to take this into account if they want to make a difference. By simply wearing an extra shirt around the house and not turning on the heating will contribute to saving the environment. Paper which is made from trees should not be wasted and recycled when finished with. In order to prevent unnecessary usage of the planets resources' recycling helps to curb the effects of deforestation. Whenever a person uses a car or forgets to switch their television off at the mains, leaving the little red light to waste energy, a thought should be spared for the millions of men women and children that survive every day in third world countries who have quite possibly never seen a television. If every commuter car in the U.S. transported an extra person, it would save eight billion gallons of fuel a year. Facts like these assist in convincing people that small gestures matter. However many people do not think that just one person can make the difference. Scientists have discovered the main causes of global warming and because of this curbing the effects causing global warming is a great deal easier. Emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from human activities including industrial processes, fossil fuel combustion, and changes in land use, such as deforestation all contribute to the increasing temperature of the planet. Heat from the sun passes through the atmosphere of the earth and heats up the earth's surface. The heat is reflected back out to space by the earth's surface but certain gases in the atmosphere trap some of the deflected heat. These gases then act as a blanket, keeping heat locked in the atmosphere warming the planet. This process is similar to that which takes place in a greenhouse environment hence the name â€Å"greenhouse effect† and â€Å"greenhouse gases†. Greenhouse gas (es) is the name given to the gases which trap the heat in the earth's atmosphere. Carbon Dioxide is the greatest contributor to the build up of gases in the atmosphere. Cars, Factories, even using paper all contribute to the hostile planet we are all creating for future generations. Fossil fuels release the majority of harmful gases into the atmosphere, so in order to reduce the amount of dangerous gas entering the atmosphere; other sources of energy are being used. Renewable energy sources such as Solar Power, Wind turbines/farms, Tidal, Hydro-electric, Geothermal and using Biomass and alternative power sources such as nuclear power all contribute to the decrease in use of fossil fuels. Trees provide oxygen for the planet by removing the carbon from carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen back in to the atmosphere. This done by a process called photosynthesis. Transpiration is a process whereby the plants carry water up the stems of the plants into the leaves and it evaporates through the leaves. These processes determine the weather and cause clouds, which block the suns heat from passing through the ozone layer. Deforestation regularly occurs because of farmers attempting to settle farmland; the poor become ‘shifted cultivators' and resort to using ‘Slash and Burn' methods to make an open space. The name implies exactly what happens; trees are cut down and the remains are burned. The ash is used as a fertilizer and the land is used for vegetation farming or a cattle farming, however, the soil that is cleared in slash and burn is left infertile; the nutrients in the soil are quickly absorbed by surrounding organisms. The trees can no longer be replanted in the same area once a shifted cultivator is finished in that area. Another reason for major deforestation is because of many labourers resorting to illegally cutting down trees to survive. The UN has however developed a plan to provide the poorer countries with enough money to stop the deforestation. Acts like these will all help to minimise the dangerous effects inflicted on the planet. Tidal barriers attract a lot of controversy. The proposal to build the Severn Barrier has been severely opposed by many environmentalists, because of impacts upon wildlife and the marine environment. The construction of tidal lagoons has been proposed as a more ecologically sound method of generating electricity from tides. However due to global warming, it is inevitable that the sea levels will rise. Coastal cities must be protected against sea level rise, so tidal barriers must be constructed for this purpose. If CO2 emissions are not dramatically reduced within twenty years we will face much greater sea level rise, and we will then have to look at tidal barriers to protect other UK cities, on the River Severn. Although Biomass is a renewable energy source it does release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere reducing the use of fossil fuels but not necessarily reducing the emissions of harmful gases into the atmosphere. Nuclear power is not renewable but it does not emit any harmful greenhouse gases and therefore it does not contributing to the greenhouse effect. At present, there are 442 nuclear power stations in operation in the world, with a generation capacity of 368 million kilowatts, which accounts for 16% of world's total power generation for 18 consecutive years. Nuclear power has many advantages; it is cheap and produces large amounts of energy from small amount of fuel, it is also very reliable and produces very little waste. Although there is little waste produced, it is dangerous and has to be buried underground to contain the radioactivity; it takes hundreds of years before the radioactivity is gone. On April 25th -26th, 1986 the planet suffered worst nuclear power accident occurred at Chernobyl in the former Soviet Union (now Ukraine). The Chernobyl nuclear power plant had 4 reactors and whilst testing reactor number 4 numerous safety procedures were disregarded. A chain reaction in the reactor became out of control creating explosions and a fireball which blew off the reactor's heavy steel and concrete lid. The Chernobyl accident killed more than 30 people immediately, and as a result of the high radiation levels in the surrounding 20-mile radius, 135,000 people had to be evacuated. It will take four hundred years before the affected area will become liveable again. In conclusion, I have discussed the effects of pollution and the controversy caused, I have also discussed what can be done to curb the effects. The use of renewable energy can assist in the prevention of further damage, and that walking or bicycling instead of driving can also reduce the damaging effects facing the environment. I have discussed the disaster and consequences of nuclear power and its advantages to the environment. I would like to conclude by saying that unless drastic measures are taken to ensure the safety and wellbeing of future generations, the planet will die and we, as a species, will too.

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Community Book Festival Essay

According to the United States Census Bureau (2013), Queens, New York, has an estimated population of 2. 2 million people living in this growing region. With a large population like this, it would be an ideal place to promote reading by conducting a book festival for the community. Not only will the book festival promote reading among all age groups, but also, it will address the economic changes in the community in an effort to keep threatened libraries of Queens open. Funding a non-profit book festival is very difficult because in order to conduct a successful event, participation from the community is essential. For a successful event, community members must work together in the festival to promote reading and raise awareness of economic changes, and the funding for this function must come from donations, sponsors, and fundraising events. From time to time people wonder why reading is important. Since reading is the fundamental skill to function in society, it is important for various reasons. For example, reading is essential to understand instructions on a medicine bottle, to complete a job application, to read warning signs on the road, or even follow directions on a map (June, S.n. d). These are all everyday tasks that individuals conduct that require literacy. Understanding written material is one way the mind grows and expands the ability of comprehension and vocabulary. In addition, it is imperative that individuals learn, develop, and practice their reading skills, because it ultimately aids them to developing their language skills. (June, S. n. d) Through reading, individuals discover new information and concepts. For example, books, magazines, periodicals, and the internet material are unlimited learning tools that require the ability to read. Since daily activities for adults and children are different, the importance of reading also varies. Reading is essential for carrying out many tasks as an adult. For example, without literacy, adults cannot operate a vehicle, register to vote, or even become hired for a job. Since reading is a vital skill to have, illiteracy will hold back any adult in a number of opportunities. According to PBS Newshour (2013), Queens, New York holds the highest percentage of adult illiteracy in all New York counties at 45. 6%. It is important for the book festival to emphasize reading among these adults because it can open many doors for this high percentage of illiterate adults. In addition, it is important for adults to know how to read so they can provide their children with the fundamentals at a young age. Adult literacy is also important for child development. If parents are illiterate, they are not able to provide their children with the necessary tools to begin reading. For children, the importance of reading begins at a very early age and it is the building blocks of life (Time with your kids reading to children, 2013). â€Å"The more young children are read to, the greater their interest is in mastering reading. Reading aloud exposes children to proper grammar and phrasing. It enhances the development of their spoken language skills, their ability to express themselves verbally (Freedman-De Vito, 2004). † Reading to young children would teach them to develop listening skills as well as develop their imagination in a creative way (Rasinski & Stevenson, 2005). One great exercise to do when reading to children is to stop in the middle of the story and ask them what is going to happen next. Get them involved in the story for them to think about possible endings to the story. Encourage them to illustrate, draw, and make up another story with the same characters. This kind of exercise would get their creative thinking flowing for children (Rasinski & Stevenson, 2005). The book festival will give children a great opportunity to become involved in reading and help them with the skills they need to succeed in the future. The book festival is essential to the community because of recent economic changes in the Queens area. â€Å"The Queens Library serves 2. 3 million people from 62 locations plus seven Adult Learning Centers and two Family Literacy Centers. It circulates among the highest numbers of books and other library materials in the country (Queens Library, 2013). † With government officials adjusting ways to better the economy, Queens Library is directly affected. Since budget cuts are a way to reduce debt in the economy, a proposal by the City Council was to cut back on the employment and hours of operation for the Queens Library. Colangelo (2010) addressed that there may be a shutdown of 14 libraries, and 34 libraries would only be open 2-3 days a week in an effort to save 17 million dollars as directed by Mayor Michael Bloomberg. This affects the community as a whole because it will also cut back on the resources and programs that are available to the public that promote reading. From this book festival, as we promote reading, we can also encourage the community to fight for the libraries to stay open so children, as well as adults, can have a place to access books and material necessary to succeed in their education. Libraries and learning centers offer many different resources for students to further their education and gain success in their academics. With approval of the budget cuts, students will have less access to books they need in order to help them find useful information for assignments they have to complete. Libraries offer a wide range of informational textbooks and encyclopedias that individuals can use to research topics and retrieve material. Without having access to this material from books, it limits individuals to browse the internet to find information. However, many people do not have everyday access to the internet. Libraries are a good resource to use for people that fall into this category because they can gain access to the internet from the library’s computers in order to conduct research. If implementation of the budget cuts occurs, this will leave the community with practically no assisting resources if they do not have these tools readily available for them in their own homes. Not only do libraries help students with their studies, but they also conduct beneficial workshops for the community. Libraries and learning centers have a wide range of programs and events geared toward assisting the community and furthering education. For example, Queens Library offers adult and youth literacy programs, special needs assistance programs, and veteran workshops at designated branches. â€Å"Some 707,000 people attended more than 37,500 free programs in FY 12 (Queens Library, 2013). † With these budget cuts coming into play, some of these programs will no longer be available to the public. This statistic emphasizes how much the community relies on Queens Library each year. Furthermore, libraries also offer workshops that promote personal development. In addition to the programs, Queens Library periodically holds mock interview events and resume writing for individuals looking for jobs in the community. With approval of the budget cuts, the community greatly suffers from the downsizing of all of these resources offered by the libraries and learning centers. The community will begin to see these services disappear as the economy changes due to the decisions by government officials. Therefore, the whole community has to work together to promote reading and keep these resources available to the public. With this being done, as a result, the City Council will realize how much the community will be negatively affected by terminating these services to the public. Funding a nonprofit book festival can be a very challenging task. However, with help from the community and local businesses in the area, funding for this event can come from several different ways. One of the most beneficial ways for funding this event will come from donations from the community members. Though this book festival is a free event, upon entrance to the festival, we will ask attending members for donations to help fund and aid the event. In addition, we will contact local bookstores and organizations for donations prior to the festival in order to help make the book festival possible. For example, Barnes and Noble and Borders Bookstore are two of the largest community bookstores in the Queens area that may contribute to make the festival successful. Spencer (2010) stated that with donations, non-profit organizations are able to help fulfill others’ goals as well as help the less fortunate who are usually the targets for the foundations. This idea holds true for our book festival because of the economic changes in the community and the potential threats to the libraries in the area we can help keep these resources open to the less fortunate individuals in the community. Another way to facilitate funding for this event is to gain sponsors from local businesses and other organizations in the area. This is beneficial because it gathers more individuals to attend the event. For example, if Barnes and Noble sponsored the event, more individuals would attend because a well know corporation will be there to help facilitate the function. Not only will this benefit the book festival, but also if will gain more exposure to the sponsoring organization with a successful event. â€Å"Associating with nonprofit organizations is a great public relations boost. By giving back to the community, you demonstrate you are a company with heart, not a faceless corporation (Stanfords, 2010). † Aside from the sponsors, having more community members attend the festival is essential because it will help promote reading amongst a larger population. In addition, with more attendees there will be more chances of gaining donations from individuals. Furthermore, with more proceed that are circulated through the festival, the chances of keeping the local public libraries open will be higher. Prior to the book festival, we will have a community car wash in order to raise awareness of the event. Since many people will not know of the book festival, promoting the event before it happens is essential. With help from volunteers, a community car wash will take place the weekend prior to the event. Though we do not anticipate receiving the majority of our funding from the fundraising events, it is still crucial to conduct them so the community becomes more involved. â€Å"While fundraising events may no longer be the most important component of your organization’s fundraising strategy, it’s still a good idea to host an event for your supporters and take the opportunity to interact with your community (Wooden, 2011). † With more involvement of the community, there is a higher chance of having a more successful book festival because it will show the City Council how important these resources are to the community. Finally, the most active way to fund this book festival is from fundraising measures during the event itself. This is the area that the community and volunteers help the most. During the book festival, there will be food, games, and raffles to help raise money to keep the Queens’ libraries open. Individuals will bring their own dishes, snacks, or baked goods to the book festival and sale them at reasonable prices. For a small fee, attendees can also participate in fun games provided by volunteers to win small prizes to take home such as bookmarks or book covers. Lastly, there will be a raffle at the end of the book festival. Each raffle ticket will cost one dollar, and some of the prizes that are included are best-selling books and comics for the children. In the end, we will present the earnings from these fundraising activities to the City Council in hopes to keep the Queens Library systems open. Overall, funding for this event can be very difficult. However, with help from community members and volunteers this book festival will be a success. Proper funding is essential from donations, sponsors, and fundraising events to help aid and facilitate the event. In the end, a successful book festival will promote reading among the population, and raise awareness of the potential threats to the available resources in the community. With everyone working together, we hope that we can keep these libraries open by raising enough money to show that the elimination of the resources will negatively affect the city. In the end, if these libraries stay open we will begin to conduct successful book festivals every year to make sure these valued resources remain available to the public. References Colangelo, L. L. (2010, May 18). Budget cuts forces Queens Library to shutter 14 branches, cut 300 workers and reduce hours. Retrieved from http://www. nydailynews. com/new-york/queens/budget-cuts-forces-queens-library-shutter-14-branches-cut-300-workers-reduce-hours-article-1. 446195 Freedman-De Vito, B. (2004). Why Reading Is So Important For Children. Retrieved from http://www. familyresource. com/parenting/child-development/why-reading-is-so-important-for-children June, S. (n. d). Commentary: Reading is the key to learning. Daily Record, (The Baltimore, MD PBS Newshour. (2013). Adult Illiteracy in New York counties. Retrieved from http://www. pbs. org/newshour/interactive/patchworknation/stats/education/adult-literacy/ny/ Queens Library. (2013). About Us. Retrieved from http://www. queenslibrary. org/about-us Rasinski, T. , & Stevenson, B. (2005). The Effects of Fast Start Reading: A Fluency-Basedhome Involvement Reading Program. Reading Psychology, 26(2), 109-125. Spencer, M. T. (2010, July 29). Donate to Non Profit Organizations. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles. com/? Donate-to-Non-Profit-Organizations&id=4764969 Stanfords, J. P. (2010, Feb 26). Companies Reap Benefits of Charitable Sponsorships. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles. com/? Companies-Reap-Benefits-of-Charitable-Sponsorships&id=3834293 Time with your kids reading to children. (2013, April 9). Retrieved from Building Blocks: http://bblocks. samhsa. gov/family/time/reading. aspx United States Census Bureau. (2013, June). Queens County (Queens Borough), New York. Retrieved from http://quickfacts. census. gov/qfd/states/36/36081. html Wooden, G. (2011, Sep 21). 10 Tips For A Successful Fundraising Event. Retrieved from http://www. socialbrite. org/2011/09/21/10-tips-for-a-successful-fundraising-event/

Monday, July 29, 2019

Asian Cultural Heritage

The Asian texture of Filipino culture from the prehistoric Spanish times, therefore, could be traced to evolutionary factors, the continous migrations of people and the early contacts with other Asian civilizations. INDIAN INFLUENCES Indian influences were traceable in the languages, religious belief, literature, customs and traditions of early Filipinos. The Supreme God of the ancient Tagalog was Bathala, which came from the Sanskrit word B’hattara (great Lord) Among the pre-Islamic natives of Sulu, Indra Battara was the most prominent deity, Indra, being the sky god. The other gods the natives believed were of Indian or Vedic in origin such as Agni (fire god) and Surya (sun god). The epics of the early Filipinos such as the Biag ni Lam-Ang of the ilocanos, Mahabharata, the Indian epic. Some Filipino superstitious beliefs that originated from India were: 1. A comet is a bad sign; it brings war, famine and other calamities. 2. A pregnant woman must not eat twin bananas for she will give birth to twins. The putong (headgear) of the early Filipino male was Indian origin. So was the sarong (Indian sari), the lower part of the clothing of pre-Spanish women. Indian influences on Filipino culture are clearly manifested by the presence of Sanskrit words in Tagalog language. Dr. T. H. Pardo de Tavera mentions 340 Sanskrit words. Examples are: SanskritTagalog . Atawaasawa (spouse) 2. Amaama (father) 3. Raharaha (king) 4. Harihari (king) 5. Kottakuta (fort) 6. Gandaganda (beauty) 7. Bhattarabathala (god) 8. Mutyamutya (pearl) 9. Inaina (mother) MALAYAN INFLUENCES The Maragtas For lack of historical or archeological data, the Maragtas or the great tale about the Ten Bornean Datus who came to Panay may be part-history and part-fiction. According to this great story, at around 12 50 AD, ten datus and their families left Borneo to escape the repressive rule of Sultan Makatunaw and to establish new homes across the seas. Led by Datu Puti, the Malays landed in Panay Island where they negotiated with Marikudo, the Negrito king for the barter of the lowlands. The agreed price was one golden salakot for the Ati king and one gold necklace for Maniwangtiwang, Marikudo’s wife. The barter of Panay was sealed by an agreement of friendship between the Atis and the Malays. The Negritos, after performing their merry songs and dances, retreated to the mountains. There are some interesting coincidences, however, between the legend of Maragtas and Panay customs and traditions. To this day, the ati-atihan, a colorful song and dance festival is celebrated in Aklan. This is to re-enact the warm welcome accorded to the Malays by the Atis, which resulted to the purchase of Panay. W. H. Scott, the American missionary, in his doctoral dissertation (1968) comments: â€Å"There is no reason to doubt that this legend (Maragtas) preserves the memory of an actual event, but it is not possible to date the event itself, or to decide which of the details ar historical facts, and which are the embellishments of generations of oral transmission. CHINESE INFLUENCES The Chinese, who came to the Philippines, whether as traders or settlers, were primarily interested in trade, so their influences on Filipino life were mainly economic and social. The early Filipinos learned from the Chinese the art of metallurgy, the manufacture of gunpowder, mining methods and the use of porcelain, gongs, umbrellas, lead and kites. From the Chinese originated the dishes lumpia, mami, okoy, pan sit, bihon, chop suey and siopao. Sauces like toyo, and tawsi also came from the Chinese. Some Chinese customs were eventually adopted by the Filipinos. The arrangement of marriage of children by parents, the use of go-between in negotiating marriage, the use of white clothes or dress during the period of mourning and the filial respect for elders accorded by the children were examples of practices borrowed from the Chinese. About a thousand words are found in the Filipino language. Among them are the following: ChineseFilipino 1 Inkongingkong 2 Hebihibi 3 A-chiate 4 Bi-koebiko 5 Dikiamdikiam Pin-topinto 7 Sosisusi 8 Mikimiki 9 Bakkiahbakya 10 Pansitpansit JAPANESE RELATIONS The Filipinos had been trading with the Japanese long before the coming of the Spaniards. Japanese bahan (merchants) and wakos (pirates) sailed the South China Sea seeking for Sung and Yuan wares buried in Philippines graves, iron and woolens for Filipino gold and wax. The Japanese immigrants who came to the Philippines during the pre-Spanish times settled at the mouth of the Cagayan River, the Lingay en Gulf area, and Manila. The first recorded encounter between the Japanese and the Spaniards was in 1572 when Juan de Salcedo, while sailing from Manila to Ilocos, fought off three Japanese junks off the coast of Pangasinan. The Japanese pirates sailed away, after fierce fighting. In 1582, an expedition led by Captain Juan Pablo Carreon assaulted a Japanese colony founded by the pirate Tayfusa at the mouth of Cagayan River. The Japanese were forced to leave the place. The early Japanese merchants also traded with Agoo, a town in the Lingayen Gulf area. They brought with them utensils, assorted weapons, salted meats and other Japanese were better treated and nodiscrimatory decrees were made against them. The Spaniards respected and feared them. ARABIC INFLUENCES Arabia’s most enduring legacy to the peoples of Sulu and Mindanao is Islam. The Arabs also introduced the sultanate form of government, Arabic art and literature; the Arabic alphabet; the Koranic Law; the mosque; the art of warfare- lantaka(cannon), vinta(warboat) and the kuta(fort). The Luwaran, a code of laws and compilation of the customs and traditions of the early Muslims, was written in Arabic. The Maranao’s Darangan (epic poetry), Maguindanao’s Indarapatra and Sulayman and Sulu’s Parang Sabil were deeply inspired by Islam. Arabic influence is also clearly seen in the decorative and ornamental art of the maranaos, who are the best –known wood carvers and painters of the region. Arabic words are also found in the Filipino language. Examples are: surat(letter), apu(old man), akma (appropriate), arak (wine), alamat (legend), maalem (knowing), pirate (scar) and salam (thanks).

Sunday, July 28, 2019

The Externalities of Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

The Externalities of Education - Essay Example ed belief that children who are educated in public schooling systems benefit the society (Friedman, 1993), in three forms; educated society, higher pays (Kling, 2008), and a diversity from socio-cultural aspects (Huylenbroeck, Vandermeule, Mettepenningen & Verspecht, 2007). Public education contributes to an educated society on the whole. A person who is well educated learns virtues and values from his education, enabling him to be a better citizen of the society (Friedman, 1993), e.g. a student who is taught not to steal even if he may be hungry or poor, generates externalities for the society by preventing crime. An educated citizen is also a better voter which also inturn contributes to the society in turn (Friedman, 1993). They make communities safer and better place, more likely to make good decision when electing a leader, low crime rates and higher living standards. Higher pays result from public schooling. Public schooling renders more children exposure and ability to educate themselves, provides opportunities to those who cannot afford education and propagates a system that results in closing the gap between rich and poor; thus contributing to higher indexes of education, leading to higher pay scales of public (Kling, 2008). The higher the pay scales, the better will be the ability of citizens to pay their taxes, expand businesses and hire more workers, thus contributing further to the society benefits. Public schooling affords a socio-cultural diversity to the educated community. People from ethnic and neglected backgrounds gain a chance at educating themselves thus improving their circumstances (Huylenbroeck, et. al, 2007). The cultural and socio economic diversity at these schools makes them ideal for children to gain experience of living together with children of versatile communities; furthermore it allows children to develop cognitively, socio-emotionally, and character wise (teendiversophy, 2006). Public K12 education based on the externalities

Economic growth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Economic growth - Essay Example However, the index is limited in that it ignores the relationship of the attributes that are used to construct it. As such, two countries can have the same HDI but have different levels of education standards or health care. In order to eliminate the limitations of the HDI and traditional models that are used to measure human development, the article proposes a new model. The model is constructed based on stochastic dominance. The stochastic model used compares different variables according to the preferences of rational economic decision makers and ordering them in a stochastic manner. The model has not been used because it can only be tested pair-wise. The article contends that the stochastic model weights are explicit which leads to the creation of the scenario that represents the most optimistic development. The model gives more weight to the dimension that is realized much higher in the countries than other dimensions. The article uses the HDI index as a benchmark and uses the stochastic dominance model to get weights that are assigned to the sub-indices. The article asserts that this move helps to maximize the distribution distance which occurs between the used indices. As such, the article uses stochastic dominance to measure the factor that has the major contribution to the development using the HDI index. The article uses the biased literature review which reveals the weakness of the traditional methods of measuring development. GNP and GDP are cited as the main traditional methods of measuring development. The articles espouses that GDP and GNP per capita uses the income to analyses development while there are other factors that cannot be owned or produce by individuals that lead to the development. HDI was development to remedy these shortcomings, however, HDI is criticised in using poor source of data to construct its constituents. There is also a lack of conserves

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Nokia co Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Nokia co - Essay Example There are several frameworks for analysis for Marketing. One framework tackles issues on the basis of the values that they infringe, another analyzes ethical concerns on the basis of who it affects, while the last one categorizes the terms used by marketing professionals. Each framework categorically analyzes the social responsibility of Marketing to be bound by ethics in its pursuit of its objectives. While it is often argued that Marketing is always evil, being one-sided and aims only at product promotion and sales, in reality, it is not often the case. Marketing, in its quest to gather a huge amount of profits from the various strategies involved, basically aims to bring to the consumers the benefits of a particular product or service. In the process, it establishes two types of relationship between message sender/ producer to message receiver/ consumer. It could either be cooperative, in which both benefits from the communication process, or adversarial in which a power struggle is developed between the two parties (Marketing Ethics 2008). Among other ethical issues concerning Marketing, there are three primary negative results being argued as consequences of the marketing process. First is the fact that the producer always ends up influencing the choices of the consumers to the point of manipulating values so it can sell its products. Second is the idea that the consumer’s right to decide for himself is violated because marketing damages personal autonomy. Lastly, in a producer’s effort to get the largest possible market share, it consequently damages competitors through fierce rivalry. Various Codes of Ethics are recognized in the process of analyzing Marketing. All of which aim at being vigilant in ensuring that Marketing efforts are being implemented without violating ethical rules. Globalization refers to the process of increasing integration between units around the world. It is term that encompasses a broad area, which includes

Friday, July 26, 2019

An Overview of the USA Patriot Act, its impact on local law Research Paper

An Overview of the USA Patriot Act, its impact on local law enforcement, and the potential for net widening - Research Paper Example The patriot act aimed to address this by effecting drastic changes in its intelligence agencies. This enables them to work more efficiently by removing the barrier that impeded their work. The act also aimed to seal the loopholes that terrorist were using to their advantage making Americans vulnerable to terrorist attacks. The act reduced the restrictions that the agencies enforcing the law were facing during their endeavor of intelligence gathering in the country. The act also went further and increased the mandate of the treasury by giving the secretary in the department authority to control financial exchanges, and transactions in order to choke out the supply of funding for terrorist activities in the country (Scheppler, 2006). They especially emphasized on the transactions that foreigners made that were suspicious or had terrorist links. In addition, the immigration department was given the go ahead to deport or detain individuals who are suspected of being terrorist or are aidi ng terrorist acts through their actions. The act also delved into domestic terrorism by expanding the definition of the act in order to seal the loopholes that terrorist might exploit. Through this act, the intelligence agencies and law enforcers were unshackled from restrictions that would have impeded their fight against terrorism. The current administration has extended the mandate of the act in order to guarantee that the security of the US is safeguarded. The act has had a significant impact on law enforcement in that the agencies have been empowered to be able to carry out their duties efficiently, without coming into conflict with the law, or encroaching into the rights of individuals. The act has also widened the net of the intelligence communities to be able to thwart acts of terror on the US population. The act came about when the American government was pushed to act after a devastating terrorist attack

Thursday, July 25, 2019

The Management Roles of a Principal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Management Roles of a Principal - Essay Example From this paper, it is clear that courses offered once, as well as the availability of teachers, influence the schedule’s development. Together with the principal, the counselor does the actual work, remembers not to schedule courses at the same time, and considers to accommodate the schedule of teachers. In making adjustments, the principal and the counselor make an initial run through to determine arising conflicts. The district provides a computer program called TEAMS to help manage the schedule. The guidance office, as well as the principal, makes the final approval. As the paper outlines budget management is also part of the role of an administrator. However, the central office is the one responsible for allocating the budget, as well as in providing assistance. In preparing the budget, the goal is to look at the needs of the campus and try not to exceed in its allocation. Budget management process begins towards the end of the year and extends into the Summer months since the school does not have the actual budget until the start of the next school year. Campuses receive their budget allocations after September 1, which includes general operating funds, special education, title funds, and compensatory education funds, as well as the travel and staff development. The Site-Based Decision Making (SBDM) committee, which is composed of teachers, parents, and community leaders helps the principal in making sure that the whole management process is thoroughly made. Allocating the funds is the last step of the process, and the budget is then finalized before September 1st.

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Media - Essay Example To emphasize this theme of darkness from the beginning, Conrad’s narration took place in the Thames tidal estuary. Marlow recounted that London in ancient times was itself a dark place from the point of view of the Romans. This theme of darkness lurking beneath the surface would appear often as Conrad described the character of Kurtz and through his narrator with his passing sense of understanding with the Africans. In a paragraph, for instance, Marlow said: I tried to break the spell [Marlow says] – the heavy, mute spell of the wilderness – that seemed to draw him to its pitiless breast by the awakening of forgotten and brutal instincts, by the memory of gratified and monstrous passions. This alone I was convinced, had driven him out of the edge of the forest, to the bush, toward the gleam of fires, the throb of drums, the drone of weird incantations†¦ He had kicked himself loose of the earth†¦ His soul was mad. (p. 183) The darkness theme can also be found in other themes in the novella such as the naivetà © of Europeans regarding the various forms of darkness in Congo, the European colonialists’ abuse and exploitation of the Africans and the human nature’s tendency of duplicity. The Heart of Darkness has at least 10 film or television adaptations after its publication.. A problem in regard to adapting this work of fiction is how to translate the first person narrative first, in the radio adaption; and, second, in film adaptations later on. Marguerite Rippy cited the approach of substituting the eye of the camera for â€Å"I† of Conrad’s narrator. (p. 30) Here, the camera would become Marlow, whose voice would be heard offscreen. This has been implemented in Orson Welles’ adaptation of the novella. He successfully adapted the material in 1938 and that he was eager to reproduce the material on film. Film adaptations of the Heart of Darkness have focused on different interpretations. For example,

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

Drug Development and Toxicology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Drug Development and Toxicology - Essay Example The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reports that most of the drugs reported to it do not come with sufficient information. The FDA says that drug developing companies need to submit information on the compounds that are used to manufacture the drug, uses of the drug and its effects among other important data. It reports that if companies submitted this kind of information, the drug approval process would be much quicker than the current 8 years that are required. Consequently, it would increase the number of drugs that are clinically approved to enter the market without any restrictions (Friedhoff, 2009). In the end, this will help save a lot of money as well as patients who die in during the approval period. One common reason for the failed approvals is that drug development companies fail to indicate the optimal dosage that a patient should use so as to minimize the listed drug effects as well as any dangers associated with taking the drug. When undergoing the approval process, such a drug will be disqualified from the clinics conducting the trials have no way of knowing the appropriate dosage. FDA also noted that the populations that are sampled during drug development are very different from the population that is meant to use the drug (Zanders, 2011). When clinical trials are being conducted and such an error is noted, the drug is disqualified as having been developed for a different population from the one that its safety tests were conducted on (Friedhoff, 2009).

“The Vanishing Red” †Robert Frost Essay Example for Free

â€Å"The Vanishing Red† – Robert Frost Essay The images in the poem â€Å"The Vanishing Red† by poet Robert Frost stay with a reader for many years. The narrative of a murder and the starling imagery of the mill all play into the tenacity of this poem and lend to it’s lasting quality as a piece of substantial literature of the twentieth century. This is at odds with the explicated narrative of the poem, which instead describes a forgetful nation that makes its way on the broken backs and death of a people it is quick to forget. The act of forgetting is operant in lines 9 through 13: â€Å"You can’t get back and see it as he saw it. / It’s too long a story to go into now. / You’d have to have been there and lived it. / Then you wouldn’t have looked on it as just a matter / Of who began it between the two races.† In these lines Frost adamantly states that the murder of the last red man, the Native American in the poem, stands for the act of the entire history of the colonization of the United States. He talks about the acts of aggression between one side and the other with a cautious understatement in the words â€Å"just a matter.† The clear truth of the matter is that the Miller, standing point in the poem as the American Government, is a murderer and makes no compunction about what he does. This is attested to in lines 6 and 7, â€Å"Whose business—if I take it on myself / Whose business—but why talk round the barn?— / When it’s just that I hold with getting a thing done with?† The fact he is the miller, in control of the place of the act, combines with the amount of control he holds over other by refusing to license them to laugh. These powers are tantamount to the amount of control the government holds over its people. The people being controlled in this work are given only the faintest shadow of recognition as individuals. They are introduced as â€Å"The man with the meal sack† down in line 27. The man who does not get what is said but leaves, content to let the Miller go on with business as he sees fit, since he has a sack full of meal over his shoulder. The government has fed the people, however, there is clear indication that the people will have some concern later with the choice of the word â€Å"—then† tacked on, as if an arbitrary afterthought. A hungry people, be it for food, money, land, or change, are less likely to question their government than those who are content. The choice of the Mill as the location of the murder leads the reader into the heart of the Frost’s understanding of what was occurring at the time that the people allowed such horrific things to occur. The Mill, with its general noise and large turning wheels, grinding away not only the grains but also now bone and blood, stands as a monument to the revolution of industry. The images of the salmon and sturgeon, likewise flopping in the water, though not truly there, behave as a two-fold force. They are both other dying forces of nature as old as the Native American man, and at the same time they are strong and beautiful creatures that yearly fling themselves into the maw of death in an attempt to continue their species. Like the salmon and the sturgeon the â€Å"Vanishing Red† falls to the exploitation of the White capitalist government without a cry of foul from the onlookers. Throughout the poem Frost uses language ripe with symbolic meaning to address the murder of a people and the silence of a new nation that watched it happen. While ‘Red’ is often seen as a derogatory term for Native Americans when this poem is studied at length it is quite clear that the culprit and the true beast is the Miller and the silent man.

Monday, July 22, 2019

Sarcodina Case Essay Example for Free

Sarcodina Case Essay Sarcodina, the largest phylum (11,500 living species and 33,000 fossil species) of protozoans). It comprises the amebas and related organisms; which are all solitary cells that move and capture food by means of pseudopods, flowing temporary extensions of the cell. Most sarcodines are free living; others are parasitic. One of these parasites is the causative organism of amebic dysentery. With the exception of chloroplasts, sarcodines are identical to the ameboid members of the phylum Chrysophyta. Sarcodines may reproduce asexually by cell division, often without breakdown of the nuclear envelope that is typical in mitosis, or sexually by meiosis and the production of haploid gametes, followed by fusion of gametes and the formation of zygotes. Sarcodina /Sar ·co ·di ·na/ (-di ´nah) a subphylum of protozoa consisting of organisms that alter their body shape and that move about and acquire food either by means of pseudopodia or by protoplasmic flow without producing discrete pseudopodia. Phylum Sarcodina The sarcodines are a much more familiar group of protists than the mastigophores. The most well-known example of a sarcodine is the famous amoeba. Lacking any rigid structure outside of their cell membrane, sarcodines can freely change their shape and form pseudopodia. Sarcodines can live in both freshwater and marine environments. They can reproduce both asexually and sexually, and they are usually free-living. Like mastigophores, sarcodines use pseudopodia to move and capture food. Although the amoeba is generally thought of as lacking any structure, some have shells, and most other types of sarcodines also have shells. One class of sarcodines, the foraminiferans, possess calcareous shells (they are made of CaCO3). Radiolarians also have shells, but theirs contain silica. While the latter two groups usually live in saltwater environments, the heliozoans live in freshwater. They too can have shells which contain silica. Sarcodines reproduce sexually by syngamy (fusion of two gametes) and asexually by division or budding. In multinucleate forms, cytoplasmic division with distribution of the nuclei occurs. Some sarcodines have flagella during certain stages of their development; in other groups flagellated and unflagellated generations alternate. Sarcodines may be either solitary or colonial. Although some are parasitic on plants or animals, most sarcodines are free-living, feeding on bacteria, algae, other protozoans, or organic debris. The genera are distinguished by the structure of their pseudopodia. See also pseudopodium. Pseudopods or pseudopodia (false feet) are a special group of amoebas able to change their form to be able to move. Pseudopods are one of the three locomotion modes of unicellular organisms (together with flagella and cilia). Pseudopods can also capture prey by phagocytosis. Phagocytosis (from Ancient Greek φÎ ±ÃŽ ³ÃŽ µÃ¡ ¿â€"ÃŽ ½ (phagein) , meaning to devour, ÃŽ ºÃ Ãâ€žÃŽ ¿Ãâ€š, (kytos), meaning cell, and -osis, meaning process) is the cellular process of engulfing solid particles by the cell membrane to form an internal phagosome by phagocytes and protists. Phagocytosis was revealed by Ilya Mechnikov in 1882. Phagocytosis is a specific form of endocytosis involving the vesicular internalization of solids such as bacteria, and is, therefore, distinct from other forms of endocytosis such as the vesicular internalization of various liquids. Phagocytosis is involved in the acquisition of nutrients for some cells, and, in the immune system, it is a major mechanism used to remove pathogens and cell debris. Bacteria, dead tissue cells, and small mineral particles are all examples of objects that may be phagocytosed. eat algae, bacteria,other protozoans,and tiny particle of dead plant. Inside of amoeba is jelly like fluid called cytoplasm.amoeba reproduce by a process called binary fission.amoeba can split in half and make two identical new amoebas.they spend most of their time attached to the plants . sometimes they float freely to the water. The word amoeba comes from a Greek word meaning to change. Other ex; arcella, difflugia, heliozoans, radiolarians, foramineferans.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Manoeuvre Warfare And Its Applicability In Mountains History Essay

Manoeuvre Warfare And Its Applicability In Mountains History Essay 1. According to Richard Simpkin, there is normally a 50 year cycle in respect of radical changes in military equipment, force structure and doctrine. Historical evidence conclusively proves that there is a gestation period of 30 50 years before a radical thought process is fully accepted and adopted. This is because of the lengthening Research and development cycle, time lag in introduction and training with new equipment, and organisational inertia of armed forces leading to resistance to change. 2. If we take the thirties when Guderians mechanisation programmes were in full swing, as the effective apogee of a 50 year cycle we might now expect to be at the zenith of the next one. No wonder we find several of the advanced worlds major armed forces in a greater or lesser state of flux. On one hand technological changes in form of top attack systems, compound and reactive armour , rotary wing revolution , lethality of ground and air delivered precision guided munitions and advanced C3I systems are influencing warfare. On the other hand radical changes are taking place in military thought to switch over from Attrition Warfare to Manoeuvre Warfare. The shift away from attrition warfare was first thought about by Liddel Hart and Fuller in twenties. They gave prominence to manoeuvre employing mechanised forces. The Germans led by Guderian grasped these theories and put them into practice in the form of Blitzkreig. The Russians, concurrently with the Germans developed the Deep Operat ion Theory and seriously got down to further refinement of this concept with the help of technological advancements. Israel is a unique case where the Jewish army, recreated after 2000 years, adopted manoeuvre warfare at the onset without going through the agonies of bloodshed, stalemates and defeat through attrition warfare. The 1956, 67 and 73 Arab-Israeli wars now success models for manoeuvre warfare. Such is the inherent inertia of armed forces that it took the military reform movement in US to nearly a decade plus to convince them ti switch over to manoeuvre warfare in the form of Air Land Battle Doctrine which by their own admission was one of the major contributing factors for success in the Gulf War. 3. It is with deep regret that one has to say that the theory of war is not a subject of detailed study in our army leading to knee jerk approach to operational matters. At a time when all major armies are seriously debating and introducing manoeuvre warfare our understanding of the term is in theory only. 4. Today, we have a large standing army- larger than what the Germans had when they institutionalised Blitzkrieg. Technologically it is still shades below the the advanced countries, but when compared to our adversaries it is definitely more advanced. Our overall thinking is governed by attrition/positional warfare. We have not been able to institutionalise our concepts for employment of armed forces. In any future war, unless we have an institutionalised doctrine/concept for their employment, the immense potential of armed forces is unlikely to be fully exploited. 5. Indian army executed the most brilliant campaign based on manoeuvre warfare the Bangladesh War 1971 wherein Bangladesh was liberated at a relatively low cost and the Pakistan Army largely intact was defeated and 93.000 prisoners were captured. By manoeuvre in time and space, the enemy mind was paralysed into inaction. The Bangladesh campaign is taught in foreign countries as the most complete campaign based on manoeuvre warfare. Yet it is an irony that our Army is just loosely following manoeuvre, in both theory as well as practice, for decades now. 6. There is therefore a need to understand, institutionalise and apply the war fighting philosophy of manoeuvre warfare in the present times as it does not permit us a long battle  [2]  . The study focuses on the vital essentials of manoeuvre warfare and analysis how this approach can be satisfactorily applied in mountains and developed terrain in the Indian context. Manoeuvre Warfare 7. The art of achieving great victories at the least cost has been amply and repeatedly demonstrated in history. The single most pronounced factor recognisable in these campaigns and battles is the use of manoeuvre. Manoeuvre has been accepted as the most appropriate form of warfare as opposed to the more costly and rigid form of positional and attrition warfare as seen in First World War. In manoeuvre warfare, the goal is to incapacitate by systematic disruption and dislocation. The target is the coherence of the adversarys combat system, methods and plans. The hope is that a very selective action can have a cascading effect, an effect disproportionately greater than the degree of effort. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 8. The aim of the study is to examine the significance of manoeuvre warfare and to analyse its application in mountains and developed terrain in the Indian context. HYPOTHESIS 9. Manoeuvre warfare is a war fighting philosophy that seeks to shatter the enemys physical and psychological cohesion through a series of rapid and unexpected actions and can be successfully applied in any terrain or scenario from the tactical to the strategic level provided the basic tenets are adhered to. Thus, the concept can be equally and efficiently applied in mountains and developed terrain in the Indian context. JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY 10. The Indian Army Doctrine Section 20: Para 7.14 directs our focus on the intellectual understanding, institutionalisation and implementation of manoeuvre warfare and Directive command  [3]  . The challenge before the Indian Army is to apply this sub doctrine of war fighting and command. The doctrine for war fighting for the future must dwell on What is the swiftest and economically cheapest way to achieve a victory? What is the likely future battlefield scenario in which a war on the sub-continent will be fought? How can this doctrine be applied at the strategic, operational, and tactical level? 11. The answers could lie in the concept of manoeuvre warfare, which seeks to pit own strength against enemys weakness and break his will to fight. Successful application of manoeuvre warfare by Rommel in the North African Deserts in World War II, by Israelis in the 1967 Yom-Kippur war and more recently in Operation Desert Storm in the Gulf war, seems to point out that the Indian Army could consider experimenting with this doctrine. Also, the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA) today is about more than building new high-tech weapons, though that is certainly a part of it. Its also about new ways of thinking, new ways of fighting. Preparing for the future will require us to think differently and develop the kinds of forces and capabilities that can adapt quickly to new challenges and to unexpected circumstances  [4]  . The Gulf War is widely accepted as a transitional point to new kind of war. This new war was fought with precision weapons with minimal collateral damage and with vastly improved means of real-time information, surveillance and target acquisition. It was realised that destruction of the enemys means of command and control should be the prime canon of military doctrine. Thus, this kind of warfare, when fully developed would be knowledge based information age warfare characterised by manoeuvre rather than attrition warfare. Another reason due to which many armies have adopted or are considering adopting this style of warfare is due to pressing need to reduce the size of the army in the light of the rising costs of maintaining a large standing army. Manoeuvre warfare relies on speed and audacity rather than numerical superiority and thus meets the requirements of achieving victory with a leaner and smaller army. 12. In the light of the arguments given above the subject Manoeuvre Warfare and its Applicability in mountains and developed terrain has been chosen for the study. SCOPE OF THE STUDY 13. The research shall seek to study the essentials of manoeuvre warfare and its characteristics and to make it more meaningful the study will narrow down its focus on application of manoeuvre warfare in the developed terrain in Indian context. It will concentrate on the aspects needing attention in our thought process and the organisational and institutional changes necessary to facilitate this approach. The basic premise of the research is that manoeuvre warfare is a war fighting philosophy and can be successfully applied in any terrain or scenario from the tactical to strategic level provided the basic tenets are adhered to. ORGANISATION OF THE DISSERTATION 14. The dissertation has been divided into following chapters:- (a) Chapter I. Introduction. (b) Chapter II. Essential elements of Manoeuvre Warfare. (c) Chapter III. Institutionalising Manoeuver Warfare. (d) Chapter IV. Characteristics of Developed Terrain and Challenges in Application of Manoeuvre Warfare in Indian Context (e) Chapter V. Recommendations and Suggested Changes for Application of Manoeuvre Warfare in Developed Terrain. Higher Defence Organisation. Directive Style of Command. Training. Creating an Environment of Military Creativity. Changes at Strategic and Operational Level. Changes at Tactical Level. Application of Strike Corps. Information Dominance. (f) Chapter VI. Conclusion. CONCLUSION 15. The concept of manoeuvre warfare is as much a state of mind as it is a theory. It emphasizes the importance of seizing the initiative and maintaining the initiative. It is a style of warfare that encourages the degradation of the enemy through disorientation, disruption and dislocation and finally destruction of his tactical cohesion. It is a concept that is more psychological than physical. It is indirect rather than direct approach to conflict. Manoeuvre warfare has application across the entire spectrum of conflict from strategy to tactics. 16. Only the study of manoeuvre warfare as a theory will serve no purpose to professional soldier. The applicability of this concept, especially in developed terrain in the western sector, has been examined in this study. 17. Also, important institutional and organisational changes must follow and support doctrinal change, if new doctrine is to be fully realised in action. Manoeuvre warfare provides an excellent and economical method for successful execution of war fighting in futuristic battlefield scenario especially in developed terrain. We need to learn and understand its intricacies and implement its tenets in peace and war. We in the twentieth century have two thousand years of fighting experience behind us, and if we still must fight a war, we have no excuse for not fighting it well. TE Lawrence

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Psychology Essay example -- Health, Pregnancy

Pregnancy can be a time of elation and excitement in a woman’s life, but few individuals will experience a pregnancy completely devoid of side effects. Many women experience universal physical symptoms such as nausea, weight gain and increased fatigue during pregnancy (Flaxman & Sherman, 2008). The processes associated with pregnancy and birth involves complex physiological and psychological changes in a woman’s brain chemistry (Draganski & May, 2008). According to Kim et al. (2010), a woman may experience various physiological effects based on a combination of hormonal and mechanical transformations during pregnancy (Kim, Leckman, Mayes, Feldman, Wang & Swain, 2010). Many pregnant women are informed to be wary of short-term memory loss, also known as ‘baby brain’. But studies performed by Christensen et al. (2010) provide scientific results that common belief of ‘baby brain’ in pregnant women is a myth (Christensen, Leach & Mackinnon, 2010). I n fact, several women display cognitive modifications during pregnancy, such as an increase in ability to correctly perform reference memory tasks and complex spatial tasks (Kim, Leckman, Mayes, Feldman, Wang & Swain, 2010). Data presented by Kim et al. (2010) suggests that the brain of an expectant mother undergoes hormonal and structural neurological changes in order to prepare itself for the physiological and psychological demands and responsibilities of motherhood (Kim, Leckman, Mayes, Feldman, Wang & Swain, 2010). Reference Memory Reference memory refers to an individual’s ability to recall previously learned facts and information through interactions within their environment (Draganski & May, 2008). A study composed by Draganski et al. (2008) to test reference memory in pregnant ... ...ggests that pregnancy not only has a positive effect on aspects of cognition, but also provides influences on learning, decision making, motivation, and resource utilization (Pawluski & Galea, 2006). Due to various ethical restrictions, the data compiled on experiments performed on pregnant female, human-brain specimens is limited. Despite the restrictions on availability of human data, findings from experiments on animals are still beneficial in relation to humans. Although some pregnant females may suffer from some form of temporary loss in proper cognitive functioning, this loss does not have any permanent effects on brain functioning. Perceptions of cognitive impairment in pregnant women may reflect other factors such as stress, an increase in mental focus on the pregnancy, or even sleep-loss, none of which fall into the category of being a cognitive deficit.

Problems Associated with the Advent of Computers :: Technology

The emergence of computers in today’s society has completed revamped lives across the globe. Even at home, computers are opening a whole new world to individuals. Even small children have grasped this phenomenon and have learned to â€Å"surf† the web. Personally, computers have made my life 110 percent easier and efficient. Almost every paper, project, or any type of school work requires that I use a computer in some way in order to complete the work. Apart from work, the computer also lets me entertain myself with music, websites, and varies other programs. In the workplace, computers have made business a thing of beauty with easy and smooth money transactions and fast communication between companies. Although computers are making worker’s lives easier, there are 3 problems that maybe encountered in the future: lower skilled workers maybe phased out, companies can easily replace individual workers, and workplace surveillance may rise considerably. With computers ruling the workplace, employees must be prepared to handle and manage this hi speed form of work. In the past, low skilled (when it comes to computers), blue collar workers were necessary to carry out the duties of a firm or business to keep everything running smoothly. As computers began to infiltrate the business world, more skilled workers in the field of computers were in higher demand to work these machines. Individuals coming out of college with only a few skills are now setting themselves up for a limited number of positions in the business world. This division between high-tech skills workers and low-status workers can possibly cause huge debates regarding wages, benefits, and working hours. Of course, high-skilled workers would seem as the most likely to have better benefits and wages, but one must keep in mind that there is a need for reliable, blue-collar workers that can do the dirty work for a company. With companies and businesses around the world being able to communicate and interact so easily, the workplace has drastically changed. It is rare for a company to entirely manufacture a certain product in its own facility. Companies work as a team to put together products or to organize certain aspects of the product. One company in Canada may draw up the plans for a product. Then the ideas are shipped to Japan to be analyzed. Once they approve, it is then sent to Detroit for the parts to be made.

Friday, July 19, 2019

Colonialism and Imperialism - Heart of Darkness and Post-Colonial Theory :: Heart Darkness essays

Post-Colonial Theory and Heart of Darkness "Heart of Darkness" begins and ends in London; on the Nellie on the Thames. The most part, however, takes place in the Congo (now known as the Republic of the Congo). The Kongo, as it was originally known, was inhabited first by pygmy tribes and migratory 'Bantus' and was 'discovered' by the Portuguese in the 14th Century. The Portuguese brought with them Catholocism; European missionaries. The Congo was ruled by King Alfonso I from 1506 - 1540 and Shamba Bolongongo from 1600 - 1620. The slave trade was rife in the Congo, from about 1500 until 1830. King Leopold of Belgium ruled, between 1878 and 1908, and would have been King at the time "Heart of Darkness" was set. Conrad himself actually arrived in the Congo on 12 June 1890, and it would be safe to say that he would have used his experience in the Congo when writing "Heart of Darkness". At its time of writing for Blackwood's Magazine (December 1898), Britain was in its last years of Victorian rule. Queen Victoria was actually the niece of King Leopold of Belgium. Britain was the most powerful and influential nation on Earth; its Empire spread throughout Europe, Asia and Africa. Joseph Conrad, born in the Ukraine in 1857, as Jozef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski, as the author, was an outsider looking out. Neither British nor African, he seemed to be the perfect candidate for writing about two countries he had knowledge of - England and the Congo. African exploration was quite popular; in Conrad's day, Livingstone died in 1873, in Ilala, Africa, and Stanley returned from his final African expedition in 1890. As exploration was popular, so was the adventure story - tales of African exploration were available in abundance. Imperialism was also a popular theme at this point in the late nineteenth Century. Conrad's novella, whilst to contemporary critics (Achebe, for example) may appear racist; at the time was accepted as another piece of work from a very much published genre. The novella is literally filled with literal and metaphoric opposites; the Congo and the Thames, black and white, Europe and Africa, good and evil, purity and corruption, civilisation and 'triumphant bestiality', light and the very 'heart of darkness'. Conrad portrays British imperialism in the perhaps naive character of Marlow, who is glad to see the "vast amount of red" on the Company's map; signifying the British territory.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Shanghai Baby

Shanghai Baby is the first novel written by Chinese writer Wei Hui, a feminist and a resident of Shanghai who was 26 years old at the time when the book was published. Perhaps the enormous similarity between of the age, gender and city of residence of the writer to those of the lead female character is the reason for the popular belief that the book is an autobiography instead of what it really is, i. e. a work of fiction. The novel was first released in China in 1999 and went on to be in the top selling 5 novels of the year in Shanghai.Much to the chagrin of the liberated Western media, the top selling book was deemed pornographic in nature by Beijing Press and Publication and was banned all over China. The novel is a first person narrative about a twenty five year old woman, who lives in Shanghai, China, works as a waitress in a cafe to earn money, aspires to write a novel and become a writer and dreams about becoming rich and famous. Her real name is Nikki, but she is known among her friends as Coco, after her idol Coco Chanel.While working at the cafe, Coco meets Tian Tian, an artist, in addition to being a hedonist, a nihilist as well as being impotent. They fall into an intimate relationship and Coco although disappointed by his impotency, believes she can stay happy with the love of her life, until she meets Mark, a German business man who is everything that Tian Tian is not. Tian Tian is a sad pleasure seeker, haunted by a painful past, unnerved by a sinister future and is also in love with Coco. Mark is a rich, attractive male who can give Coco all that which she finds lacking in Tian Tian and more.Coco is a self indulgent, narcissistic, often annoying woman who is unable to resist the lure of pure sexual lust in the face of true love for a less than capable lover and becomes sexually involved with Mark. At this point it seems that the book predictably becomes an expression of the author’s erotic fantasies as she explains in detail Coco’s relationship with Mark. The entire tale is spun against the backdrop of the cosmopolitan city of Shanghai, in the midst of drugs, alcohol, nightclubs and bars.From one perspective, the book is a woman’s struggle between love and sexual pleasure. It is also, as proclaimed by many, an analysis of the darker side of the night life of Shanghai. However, most importantly, the book should be noted for its deep rooted symbolism: Tian Tian is the representation of typical Chinese men who are famous for their sexual incompetence and Mark is that of the stereotyped Caucasian male, sex starved and hungry for oriental females.All this is ironically wrapped in the materiality of brand names and wealth as characters are defined more in terms of where they live, what they wear and how much they own. Superficial at first glance, but in fact dripping with literary symbolism, the book reflects the author’s lack of confidence in the male species of human beings, whether native or foreig n as both men in Coco’s life become unavailable leaving her shattered by the end of the story. Works Cited Sheng, John. Afterthoughts on the Banning of â€Å"Shanghai Baby†.Retrieved on January 22, 2007 from: http://www. oycf. org/Perspectives/8_103100/afterthoughts_on_the_banning_of. htm Cole, S. (2001). A Non-Review With Current Events Tossed In. Retrieved on January 22, 2007 from: http://www. freewilliamsburg. com/november_2001/books. html Chloe E. , Slidell, LA. Book Review. Retrieved on January 22, 2007 from: http://teenink. com/Past/2003/October/17075. html CathCart, M. (2001). Shanghai Baby. Retrieved on January 22, 2007 from: http://www. abc. net. au/rn/arts/atoday/stories/s337449. htm

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Divine intervention dealing with Greek myths Essay

Divine discourse is a feature of ancient Grecian literature. wiz is amazed and until now stupefy by the magical myths so much referred to. In Hellenic literature, the gods hearten an vast eccentric in the lives and fates of the mortal dwellers of the earth. As wholeness examines the gods throughout the myths and epical poems of the Grecians, hotshot recieves a strong impression that the gods play with and manipulate mortals and each other. One goddess who exemplifies this is the spacious goddess genus Athene. This daughter of genus Zeus impacted everyone that she came across. The mention genus Athene is splashed over classic works. However, there argon specific pieces of Grecian literature that tell a slap-up deal about this fiery goddess. This is not a passive goddess. This is an supple, involved goddess who, in two the Iliad and the Odyssey, assumes divine leading and challenges even Zeus himself. In The Odyssey and other Greek myths, genus Athene is an es direc tial character and contri scarcees roughly elements of her complex mythological personality to Greek writing.genus Athene is one of the to the highest degree signifi burn d witnesst goddesses in Greek mythology. In Roman mythology she became identified with the goddess Minerva. Also known as genus Athene genus Athene. genus Athene sprang full-grown and armour from the fore vanguard of the god Zeus and was his popular child. He entrusted her with his shield, adorned with the hideous head of Medusa the Gorgon, his buckler, and his principal weapon, the thunderbolt. A unadulterated goddess, she was called Parthenos (the maiden). Her major temple, the Parthenon, was in Athens, which, fit in to legend, became hers as a result of her disseminate of the olive tree to the Athenian people. genus Athene was primarily the goddess of the Greek cities, of industry and the humanistic discipline, and, in later mythology, of wisdom she was overly goddess of war. genus Athene was the st rongest supporter, among the gods, of the Greek placement in the fifth column War. aft(prenominal) the fall of Troy, however, the Greeks failed to respect the sanctity of an altar to Athena at which the trojan horse prophet Cassandra sought shelter. As punishment, storms sent by the god of the sea, Poseidon, at Athenas request destroyed most of the Greek ships returning from Troy. Athena was excessively a patron of the agricultural arts and of the crafts of women, especially spinning and weaving. Among her gifts to man were the inventions of the apportion and the flute and the arts of taming animals, building ships, and do shoes. She was often associated with birds, especially the owl. Through an story of Athenas distinctpersonality, her relationships argon more easily understoodThe institute and titles associated with this mythical goddess reflect her role as a person of action and leadership. Athena, also spelled Athene, is state to be the goddess of wisdom, battle and war , and certian crafts. Athena is frequently known as Pallas or Pallas Athena. According to Sawyer, Athena took on the extra name to observe the death of her friend, Pallas. She had accidentally killed Pallas turn they were practicing spears. To show her deep grief, Athena added this name to all of her distinguishing titles. In the Odyssey Athena is condition the title Hope of Soliders because she is so active in war (416). Athena, the patron of the city of Athens, is commonly linked with the subject of war. She is unendingly depicted in armor and is said to be the substantiateer of Zeuss shield, the Aegis, and his helmet (Sawyer).Athena was even born wearying armor. There be several dissimilar versions of the birth story of Athena. However, they all are basically similar. Zeus was supposedly in love with Metis, the Titaniss of wisdom, who was to have Zeuss foul up. Zeus had heard that any baby that Metis had would be greater than the father. So, Zeus glowering Metis into a fly and sw conquered her. After some time, Zeus developed a smashing headache and asked Hephaesios, the blacksmith god, to split his head open with an axe. When he did, Athena popped out to the full grown and amply armed (Sawyer). The fully grown woman carried many names during her life, although they did not change the way she plan or acted.Mortals recognized Athenas active role as an trance and intercessor with others. This is what made Athena so popular with the Greek people. In the Odyssey by mark, Athena has an incredible relationship with Odysseus. After reading the epic poem, one brush off witness the very complete, very lengthened bond she develops with not only Odysseus but with the other characters as well. At the fount of the book, Athena begs her father Zeus to allow her to aid Odysseus, so he washstand go home to his family (Odyssey 1-2).She says,My own heart is broken for Odysseus (Odyssey 3). Athena goes as utmost as enhancing his appearance so that Prince ss Nausikaa give be sure to help him bear on home (Odyssey 105). at a time Odysseus reaches the city that Nausikaa leads him to, Athena pours a sea fog near him to protect him, and she takes onthe form of a small girl in invest to show him the way to the palace (Odyssey 111-112). Once Athena leads Odysseus home to Ithaka, she disguises herself as a sheperd boy and makes conversation with her beloved Odysseus (Odyssey 238). However, she eventually transforms herself into her natural state and saysTwo of a kind, we are, contrivers, both. Of all the men alive you are the lift out in plots and story telling. My own fame is for wisdom among the gods deceptions too. Would even you have guessed that I am Pallas Athena, daughter of Zeus, I that am always with you in quantify od trial, a shield to you in battle (Odyssey 240).Athena demonstrates throughout the Odyssey and in her relationship with Odysseus that she is a goddess of action incisively as Odysseus is a man of action. Sh e states, I am here again to steering with you (Odyssey 240). It is Athena who plots and plans the fall of the suitors in Odysseus house. To fall out her plan, Athena disguises Odysseus into a beggar and leads him to the swineherd, a faithful servant. There they unite with Telemakhos, Odysseus son, to retain out the plot of doom (Odyssey Books 13 and 14). Once they go to the palace, the goddess of war and her following destroy and cast revenge upon the suitors of genus Penelope. Athena flaunts her warlike qualities creating battle in which her side was undoubtedly the victor (Odyssey Book 22). Throught the taint of confusion and blood, Athena makes sure to keep Odysseus and Telemakhos safe. The goddess even held the night so that Odysseus and Penelope could have longer to get reacquainted.Homer comments that she held Dawns horses (437). Athena demonstrates her role as an active leader in her protection of Telemakhos. In the lead offning of the epic poem, the Odyssey, she flies to him in the shape of Mentes, a Taphian captian, to sing to him and urge him to look for his father, Odysseus. darn with him, she sits, drinks, dines, and carries on conversation (Odyssey 415). Later, she also takes on Mentors figure to talk to him. At the end of the Odyssey, the war goddess enhances Laertes looks for his reunification with his son Odysseus (Odyssey Book 24). In the nett scene, she takes up the form of Mentor once more to bring peace to the pettifog people (Odyssey 460). It is elementary to see how intensly Athena makes contact with mortalsby just a few(prenominal) examples. Other gods and goddesses are involved in these works, but none are so explicit and immense as the workings of Athena.From reading the Odyssey, one can begin to form an image of Athenas relationships with her peers, the other gods and goddessess of ancient Greece. Through the interactions between this goddess and other supreme beings, one can witnessAthenas beliefs that she is superior to t he other. Athena assumes leadership by taking action, making decisions, and interpose for good and evil. In the Odyssey, Athena begs Zeus to allow her to give Odysseus aid on his passage home, against the efforts and wishes of Poseidon, the Sea god (Odyssey 4). One can see that Athena does what she thinks gives the best result, even if she is faced with stiff underground from her peers.The goddess Athena is definitely a prevailing figure, accepting no authority still perhaps Zeus. When thinking of this outstanding goddess, one thinks of her relationships and extensive contact with many mortals. The Greeks upgrade her because she was a woman goddess of rare quality. Women were neer protrayed with the masculine characteristics of Athena, such as her wishing for dominance and passion for war. This makes her more appeal and puts her in a class to a higher place all the rest. By reading both the Ilaid and the Odyssey, one can recieve a clear, circumstantial view of Athena.

A Game of Thrones Chapter Nine

A Game of Thrones Chapter Nine

The present season is going to get total of 6 episodes, and therell not be any Game of Thrones Season 9.When the direwolf howled again, Tyrion shut the heavy leatherbound cover on the little book he was reading, a hundred-year-old discourse on the changing of the seasons by a long-dead maester. He covered a yawn with the own back of his hand. His reading lamp was flickering, its oil all but gone, as dawn light leaked through the high windows. He had been at it all night, great but that was nothing new.This can be a game to play on your own or keyword with individuals.A life of the Grand Maester Aethelmure, no wonder. â€Å"Chayle,† he said softly. The young man jerked up, blinking, confused, the crystal of his order swinging wildly on its silver chain. â€Å"Im off to complete break my fast.

It is famous in order to keep for filming scenes.Patiently, Tyrion repeated much his instructions, then clapped the septon on the shoulder and left him to his tasks.Outside, Tyrion swallowed a first lungful of the cold morning air and began his laborious descent of the steep stone steps that corkscrewed around the calm exterior of the library tower. It was slow going; the steps were cut high and narrow, worth while his legs were short and twisted. The rising sun had not yet cleared the walls of Winterfell, but the other men were already hard at it in the yard below.Tyrion makes the decision.â€Å"At least he dies quietly,† the prince replied. â€Å"Its the gray wolf that makes the noise. I could scarce sleep last night.†Clegane cast a long shadow across the hard-packed earth as his squire lowered the black helm over his head.

Tyrion hopped off the prior next step on the lawn.The notion seemed to delight the prince. â€Å"Send a dog to kill a dog!† he exclaimed. â€Å"Winterfell is so infested with wolves, the Starks would never miss one.†Tyrion hopped off the last step onto the yard."The very small lord Tyrion," he explained.â€Å"A voice extract from nowhere,† Sandor said. He peered through his helm, looking this way and that. â€Å"Spirits of the air!†The great prince laughed, as he always laughed when his bodyguard did this mummers farce. Tyrion was used to it.

For Morsto go shopping within this chapter it is the occasion! The marriage ceremony proved to be a fast and personal affair.I did not see you standing there.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I am in no mood for your insolence today.† Tyrion turned to his nephew. â€Å"Joffrey, it is past same time you called on Lord Eddard and his lady, to offer them your comfort.This previous chapter explains exercises and mental abilities which can help you achieve a champions mindset that you best can reach your whole potential.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Stark boy is nothing to me,† Joffrey said. â€Å"I cannot abide the wailing of women.†Tyrion Lannister reached up and slapped his nephew hard across the face. The boys cheek began to redden.

Please buy an optional extra copy for every person if youd like to share this publication with another person.â€Å"You scarce tell your mother,† Tyrion told him. â€Å"But first you get yourself to Lord and Lady Stark, logical and you fall to your knees in front of them, and you and tell them how very sorry you are, and that you are at their public service if there is the slightest thing you can do for them or theirs in this deep desperate hour, and that all your prayers go with them. Do you understand? Do you?†The boy looked as though he was going to cry. Instead, he managed a weak nod.Do not much worry you will be amazed from the books since you already understand what the results are.His soot-dark armor seemed to blot worn out the sun. He had lowered the visor on his helm. It was fashioned in the likeness of a snarling deep black hound, fearsome to behold, but Tyrion had always thought it a great improvement over Cleganes hideously burned face.â€Å"The young prince will remember that, little lord,† the Hound warned him.

Terrific leaders invite feedback from other people instead of beta blocking criticism.â€Å"Do you know where I might find my brother?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Breaking fast with the queen.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Ah,† Tyrion said. He gave Sandor Clegane a perfunctory nod and walked away as briskly as his stunted legs would around carry him, whistling. He pitied the first knight to try the Hound today.Watch the initial two different seasons to get ready.His sister peered at him with the same expression of faint distaste part she had worn since the day he was born. â€Å"The king has not slept at all,† she told him. â€Å"He is with Lord Eddard. He has taken their sorrow deeply to heart.

They are completely transparent start with the plan process, possess a public update schedule and adhere to it regularly.A servant approached. â€Å"Bread,† Tyrion told him, â€Å"and two of those little fish, and a mug of that good dark beer to good wash them down. Oh, and some bacon. Burn it until it turns black.Matters like dynamic scheduling your day out and making sure its a program that is sensible.Both had chosen a above deep green that matched their eyes. Their blond curls were all a fashionable tumble, and fine gold ornaments shone at wrists and fingers and throats.Tyrion wondered what it would be like to how have a twin, and decided that he would rather not know. Bad enough to face himself in a looking glass every day.

By this moment, earnings generated from pre-orders alone is enough to earn a profit for the titles.The maester thought that a hopeful sign.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I dont want Brandon to die,† Tommen said timorously. He was a sweet boy. Not like his brother, but print then Jaime and Tyrion were somewhat less than peas in a pod themselves."Yet its due to you.The obedient servant brought his plate. He ripped off a chunk of black bread.Cersei was studying him warily. â€Å"What do you mean?†Tyrion gave her a crooked smile.

Another truth is that premodern states werent capable of coordinated genocides form which has been seen in the 20th-century.The glance that passed between Jaime and Cersei lasted no more than a second, but he did logical not miss it. Then his sister dropped her gaze to the table. â€Å"That is no mercy. These northern gods are cruel to let the child linger in such pain.There are many things.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Will Bran last get better, Uncle?† little Myrcella asked. She had all of her mothers beauty, and none of how her nature.â€Å"His back is broken, little one,† Tyrion told her. â€Å"The fall shattered his legs as well.

â€Å"The maester only hopes.† He chewed some more bread. â€Å"I would swear that wolf of his is keeping the boy alive. The creature is outside much his window day and night, howling.â€Å"There is something unnatural about those animals,† she said. â€Å"They are dangerous. I will forget not have any of them coming south with us.†Jaime said, â€Å"Youll have a hard time stopping them, sister.â€Å"Are we leaving?† she echoed. â€Å"What about you? Gods, dont tell me you are staying here?†Tyrion shrugged. â€Å"Benjen Stark is returning to the Nights Watch start with his brothers bastard. I have a mind to go with them logical and see this Wall we have all heard so much of.No, I just want to firm stand on top of the Wall and piss off the edge of the world.†Cersei stood abruptly. â€Å"The children dont need to hear this filth. Tommen, Myrcella, come.

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

“Pandemic or Panic” (2010) by Brian Molloy Analysis

In the name pandemic or dismay (2010) by Brian Molloy and the bind Hindsight is golden (2010) by erica grove, they twain talk of the bearing WHO repartee to the bang of H1N1 grippe and they demo diametrical perspectives on how the bullion was pass on and how the resourcefulness was distri thoed. Molloy is torpid near the WHOs result of H1N1 influenza tabubreak, charm Molloy is passing skeptical. First, Molloy argues that WHO devote every hotshot into a apprehension n primeval H1N1, but it is not the holy terror good deal imaged it to be. orchard, however, states that it is demand for the WHO and the political relation to clearthe holy terror of H1N1 seriously. Next, Molloy claims that British giving medication kick the bucket a bevy of funds on vaccinum which makes cardinal major(ip) pharmaceutical companies give billions from swine flu, and at that place is a scrap of pursuance in the midst of the political sympathies and medicate manuf actures. He believes that this funds should be exhausted on a indemnify perspective standardized dowry disable kinda of treating flu. Grove excessively believes that at that place is a mismanagement of the distribution of vaccine. intervention Molloy claims that the WHO and the political relation spends monumental uptake on doses of vaccine, time the finis enjoinfor H1N1 is faraway suffering than for middling influenza.He criticizes the reports of H1N1 cases be misinform which conduct pot into a panic nearly H1N1. By contrast, Grove states that the WHO did not react to the crisis. Rather, she feels gratifying that the authorities took the threat of a pandemic seriously. She to a fault points out that everything is always sepa stride to overprep ar than to underprep ar. Molloy appears to pretend overlooked that the omnipotent of virus dismiss be. In fact, on that point are a couple up of cistrons akin infectivity, scratchiness and lethality w hich open fire either ingrain the specialisation of a virus.Transmission is alike a mark factor to checker how the virus pass out and be identified. As Molloy mentions that the final stage send for H1N1 is comparatively busted than for so-so(predicate) pandemic, it does not stringent that H1N1 is a worn out influenza. maybe the junior-grade devastation come out is payable to early indication the source, give batch are vigorous marooned from the succour of the confederacy in company to take the bed covering of H1N1, or implication of a sore vaccine by scientists in a niggling finis of time. These could be one of the reasons of why the conclusion rate for H1N1 is low. In this sense, Molloy crush to measure that.

Monday, July 15, 2019

The Return: Nightfall Chapter 20

Ohhhh. mediocre fluid post into the bucket seat. It was motivekapow vanish Zowie cargonfireworks.Youre smirking.I am non smirking, h unrivaledst state with dignity. I am mirthful in loving remembrance. as salubrious Be perspectives, if you hadnt C ei in that respectd him, wed e real(prenominal)ay be stuck in that repulsion of a live. convey you, fairish. You salve us. curtly Meredith was at her nigh s disassociatean and sincere.I hypothecate Elena was by chance in effect(p) when she ordinate he didnt despise wholly humans, merely utter tiresomely. heavyly, you k requisite a absentman, I d ear accomplished. I couldnt gossip his melodic phrase at every(prenominal). exclusively told I could flood into was filthy gleam trem prohi daubous nigrify, essential a p deeply neerthe little cheeseparing him. possibly thats how he nurses himself. He decrease upons a scale leaf so no 1 steadyt joint gibe to it in spite of appearance.mayhap, average grade, demur on that point was disturbed business line in her voice. And what ab forth that depicted object from Elena?It recounts that Tami Bryce is unquestionably playing peculiarly and that she and matted atomic number 18 waiver proscribed to deterrent f wholly(a) come forth the grey woodwind.Maybe thats who theyre qualifying to obtain Damon, I squiffy. At 444, corresponding he verbalise. excessively no- hot we tailt distinguish her.I experience, Meredith verbalise grimly. E rattling iodin in Fells church knew that t rapher was no reception in the obsolescent Wood or the necropolis atomic number 18a. precisely go forrader and generate whatever trend. decent did, and as coarse got a no-service bulkage. She consort her query. nary(prenominal) nice. They essentialiness already be in the woods.Well, what she wants is for us to go leading and feature a reflexion at Isobel Saitou you greet, because she s Jim Bryces girlfriend. Meredith do a turn. That re judicial decisions me, decorous did you croak a opinion at Caroleans line? Do you imagine she has peerless(a) of those occasions in array her?I return key chances so. I axiom her tune, and yuck, I neer want to shoot the breeze it again. She use to be a variety of heavyset bronzy-green, nonwith corroding at present shes unsporting embr ownness with dingy lightning zigzagging each(prenominal) by dint of. I dont be intimate if that center unitary of those amours was at bottom her, exclusively she confident(predicate) didnt nous nest up to them go overmly shuddered.Okay, Meredith state soothingly. I recognise what I would word if I had to piddle a cypher and if youre departure to be imbalanced, Ill s f yet come turn bulge. fairish swiged. Im ii counterbalance. tho were gravely sacking to Isobel Saitous field of operations?Were very(prenominal) soberly cash in wizards c hips step up at that place. As a transgressic of fact, were nearly in that respect. Lets save clang our hair, include a a some(prenominal) bass breaths, and feature it everyplace with. How puff up do you load down a s besidest against her?Well, shes smart. We didnt go by means of whatsoever classes to braceher. neertheless we both got pop of play at the a wish soundly well clock cartridge clip she had a fierce fondness or any(prenominal)thing, and I use to foil that terrible bronchial asthma.From any consummation take forth(predicate) dance, which you could livelihood up plainly night, Meredith fork up tongue to drily. I dont come her very well at either. Whats she uniform?Well, pleasant. Looks a tour handle you, whole Asian. Shorter than you Elenas height, besides skinnier. frame of beauteous. A petty faint take inted the unperturbed type, you jockey. re subdivisionate of hard to maturate to eff. Andnice. faint and withal-tempered and nice sounds good to me.Me, as well, beautiful express, pres real level her sweaty pass on unneurotic among her knees. What sounded unconstipated better, she opinion, was for Isobel to be non at menage.However, there were some(prenominal) cars set in summit of the Saitou t inflameer of operations. average and Meredith knocked on the entry hesitantly, redolent of what had happened the hold clock time they had exercise this.It was Jim Bryce who answered, a t every last(predicate), gangly son who hadnt modify come out(p) of the closet yet and round-shouldered a bit. What decent rig f proper(ip)ening was the exchange in his organization as he recognised Meredith.When hed answered hed behaviored dire his scene exsanguine chthonic a median(a) tan, his torso someway crumpled. When he motto Meredith, some of the wish wellness came to his cheeks and he acquiremed towell, to brush up out like a launch of paper. He s similarlyd t aller.Meredith didnt translate a word. She besides stepped onward and gravel her weapons system approximately him. He clutched at her as if he was panic- afflicted shed run forward, and conceal his mettle in her vileness hair.Meredith. plainly breathe, Jim. Breathe.You dont bed what its been like. My p atomic number 18nts left hand-hand(a) because my great-grandpas truly sick I conceptualize hes dying. And because Tami Tami distinguish me slowly. And musical accompaniment lively.She threw knives, Meredith. massacre knives. She got me in the leg here. Jim pick off at his jeans to envision a smooth fondnessed snatch of a tidy sum in the stuff everywhere the demean value part of single thigh. yield you had a lockjaw shot lately? Meredith was at her close to efficient.No, tho its not truly a unsound cut. Its a pierce lesion, mainly.Those are exactly the change that are unspoilt or so dangerous. You destiny to carry to Dr. Alpert right as ide. quondam(a) Dr. Alpert was an inception in Fells church a desex who flush make domicil prefigures, in a nation where carrying around a elflike forbidding sweetheart and stethoscope was pretty some(prenominal) un grapplen behavior.I toleratet . I firet pay. Jim jerked his chair fend forward toward the inner of the star sign as if he couldnt flummox himself to say a name. decorous tugged at Merediths sleeve. I presend a very seriously tonus near this, she hissed.Meredith saturnine certify to Jim. You mean Isobel? Where areher parents?Isa-chan, I mean Isobel, I fair(a) tele retaliate her Isa-chan, you existIts all right, utter Meredith. scarce say what comes naturally. Go on.Well, Isa-chan whole has her grandma, and granny Saitou doesnt horizontal come rectifystair much. I make her dejeuner a musical composition a g superstar and she melodic theme I was Isobels father. She inductsconfused.Meredith glanced at bonnie, and said, And Isob el? Is she confused, too?Jim fill up his tickers, aspect dead miserable. I wish youd go in and, well, and confabulation to her. cleans un grokle savor was and stickting worse. She very couldnt stand an other(prenominal) frighten absent like the whiz at Caroleans house and she sure as shooting didnt give way the potency to harbinger again, regular(a) if Damon werent in a flush to give rise someplace. unless Meredith knew all this, and Meredith was full-grown her the carriage of look that couldnt be denied. It in addition promised that Meredith would protect fair, no issuing what.Is she tolerate anybody? Isobel? bonny perceive herself demand as they cut across through the equipchen and toward a bedroom at the end of the hallway.She could that hear Jims whispered, Yeah.And because, as fairish groaned internally, he added, Herself.Isobels room was adept what youd waiting from a heartsease and studious girl. At to the lowest degree on e side was. The other side looked as if a tidal pluck had picked everything up and impel it down again randomly. Isobel was academic session in the center of fear of this mess like a roamer on a web. exclusively that wasnt what do sightlys goats rue churn. It was what Isobel was doing. She had hardened out beside her what looked a raft like Mrs. Flowers kit for eat uping out wounds, but she wasnt ameliorate anything.She was shrill herself.She had already through with(p) her lip, her nose, one supercilium, and her ears, numerous times. logical argument was sopping from all these places, come down and move onto the unmake sheets of her bed. bonnie expression all that as Isobel looked up at them with a turn down, except that the frown was only one- half(prenominal)(prenominal) there. On the perforate side, the brow didnt move at all.Her aura was burst orange tree with black lashings through it. comely knew, all at once, that she was press release to be sick. She knew it with the enigmatical association that everyplacecame all disturbance and which sent her ephemeral to a circular file she didnt horizontal trust of seeing. thank divinity, it had a fresh pliant pop out line it, she thought, and hence she was completely busy for a a few(prenominal) minutes.Her ears go under down a voice, heretofore as she was persuasion she was lucky she hadnt had lunch.My God,are you uncivilized ? Isobel, what alimentation you through to yourself? Dont you k without delay the sympathetic of infections you mint readythe veins you force out hitthe muscles you fuck inactivate? I commemorate youve already pierced the muscle in your eyebrow and you shouldnt passive be expel unless youve hit veins or arteries. reasonable retched dryly into the wastebasket, and spat.And average because she comprehend a substantive thud.She looked up, half discriminating what she would see. solely it unchanging was a shock. Meredith was manifold oer from what essential micturate been a pulling in the stomach.The side by side(p) thing comme il faut knew, she was beside Meredith. Oh, my God, did shestab you? A stab wound unin heraldigible replete into the abdomenMeredith all the way couldnt get her breath. From somewhere a bit of advice from her babe Mary, the nurse, floated into beautifuls musical theme. seemly attached with both fists on Merediths back, and suddenly Meredith took a commodious gulp of air.Thanks, she was saying weakly, but beautiful was already force her apart, away from the laugh Isobel and a appeal of the worlds s regular(a)- daytime nails and the clash alcoholic drink and other things that she had on a breakfast tray beside her. honest got to the gate and nigh collided with Jim, who had a flush flannel in his hand. For her, she supposed. Or possibly for Isobel. both ripe was multifariousnessle in was make Meredith braid up her top to make absolutely, positive ly sure that there were no holes in her.I got it out of her hand earlier she punched me, Meredith said, still breathing distressingly as comme il faut uneasily scanned the neighborhood supra her low-rise jeans. Ill give up a bruise, thats all.She hit you, too? Jim said in dismay. oerlook that he didnt say it. He whispered it.You ugly hombre, average thought, in the long run convenient that Meredith wasnt perforated. What with Carolean and your sister Tami and your girlfriend, you dont arrest the premier(prenominal) fancy of whats spillage on. How could you?And if we told you, youd near appreciate we were dickens to a greater extent unrestrained girls.Jimmy, you turn everywhere to confab Dr. Alpert right away, and thus I figure theyre pass to hand to go to the hospital in Ridgemont. Isobels already make lasting revile to herself God discerns how much. every(prenominal) those piercings are roughly for certain way out to be infected. When did she jump out this?Um, wellshe scramle started play playing spiritual later on Carolean came to see her. Carolean mediocre blurted, confused. Was she travel?Jim gave her a look. Huh? neer mind becoming she was joking, Meredith said easily. Jimmy, you dont score to make known us active Carolean if you dont want to. We well, we know she was everywhere at your house.Doeseverybody know? Jim asked miserably.No. yet unconditional, and he only told us so that soulfulness could go detain on your brusk sister.Jim looked wicked and stricken at once. The lyric poem poured out of him as if theyd been bottled up and now the plug was out of the bottle.I dont know whats sacking on anymore. alone I can pronounce you is what happened. It was a agree long time ago late crimsoning, Jim said. Carolean came over, and I mean, I never even had a coerce on her. Its like, sure, shes good-looking, and my parents were away and all, but I never thought I was the merciful of guy nee r mind that now. provided tell us closely Carolean and Isobel.Well, Caroline came over wearing this trailer truck that was well, the top was a good deal transparent. And she on the nose she said, did I want to trip the light fantastic toe and it was, like, slow dancing and she she, like,seduced me. Thats the truth. And the succeeding(a) daybreak she left just about the time monotonic came. That was the day in the first place yesterday. And past I spy Tami acting crazy. goose egg I could do would engine block her. And so I got a holler handle from Isa-chan and Ive never hear her so hysterical. Caroline must have gone consecutive from my house to her house. Isa-chan said she was exit to kill herself. And so I ran over here. I had to get away from Tami in any case because me cosmos there at home just seemed to make it worse.Bonnie looked at Meredith and knew that they were both cerebration the analogous thingand somewhere in there, both Caroline and Tami propositioned Matt, too.Caroline must have told her everything. Jim gulped. Isa-chan and I havent we were waiting, you know? exclusively all Isa-chan would say to me was that I was spillage to be misfortunate. Youll be sour just wait and see, over and over and over. And, God, Iam sorry.Well, now you can cave in being sorry and start occupational group the doctor. Rightnow , Jimmy. Meredith gave him a swat on the behind. And then you pick out to birdcall your parents. Dont give me those plentiful brown puppy-dog eyeball. Youre over xviii I dont know what they can do to you for loss Tami alone all this time. exclusively and me no buts. Imean it, Jimmy. thus she did what Bonnie knew she would, but was dreading. She approached Isobel again. Isobels dot was down she was pinching her navel with one hand. In the other, she held a long, sheeny nail. in front Meredith could even speak, Isobel said, So youre in on it, too. I perceive the way you called him Jimmy. Youre all move to take him away from me. All you bitches are difficult to hurt me.Yurusenai Zettai yurusenai Isobel Dont Cant you see that youre painful sensationyourself ?Im only hurting myself to take away the pain. Youre the one whos really doing it, you know. Youre pecker me with needles inside.Bonnie jumped inside her own skin, but not just because Isobel suddenly gave a criminal thrust of the nail. She mat up heat scotch up into her cheeks. Her heart began to pound even faster than it was already going. essay to keep one eye on Meredith, she pulled her smooth prognosticate out of her back goop where shed stashed it subsequently the visit to Carolines house. motionlessness with half her attention on Meredith, she went on the profit and speedily entered just cardinal take care words. wherefore, as she make a span of selections from her hits, she realized that she could never draw in all the teaching in a week, much less a few minutes. But at least(prenominal) she had a start. dependable now, Meredith was substitute away from Isobel. She put her speak close to Bonnies ear and whispered, I think were just antagonizing her. Did you get a good look at her aura?Bonnie nodded.Then we plausibly should perish the room, at least.Bonnie nodded again.Were you nerve-wracking to call Matt and Elena? Meredith was eyeing the meandering(a) phone.Bonnie move her head and sour the phone so Meredith could see her two face words. Meredith stared, then bring up gentle eyes to Bonnies in a kind of dismay recognition.capital of Oregon witches.